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1. Explain what is Model-View-Controller?

Answer: The MVC model or "pattern" is commonly used for developing modern user interfaces. It's provide the facility to separate any programs for desktop or mobile, as well as web applications into three different component.
Model: represents the data, and does nothing else. The model does NOT depend on the controller or the view.
View: Displays the model data, and sends user actions (e.g. button clicks) to the controller. The view can: be independent of both the model and the controller; or actually be the controller, and therefore depend on the model.
Controller: Provides model data to the view, and interprets user actions such as button clicks. The controller depends on the view and the model. In some cases, the controller and the view are the same object.

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2. Explain role of etc. directory in MVC.

Answer:Consist all the configuration files: like admin configuration, file configuration, application configuration, dipendancy injection file for all the class.

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3. Which component consist Business Login.

Answer:Controller consist all the Business Logic.

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4. Explain Purpose of MVC?

Answer:The actual purpose of MVC is to separate your views from your controller and model. In other words, it is a design pattern is a structure for keeping display and data separate to allow each to change without affecting the other.
It processes all the business logic and incoming requests, manipulate data using the Model component, and interact with the Views to render the final output. It receives input and initiates a response by making calls on model objects. 1) Faster development process: MVC supports rapid and parallel development.

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5. Why Swing is light weighted but AWT not?

Answer:Swing is considered lightweight because it is fully implemented in Java, without calling the native operating system for drawing the graphical user interface components.
On the other hand, AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit) is heavyweight toolkit, as it merely makes calls to the operating system in order to produce its GUI components.

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6. What is JDBC Connection?

Answer:A JDBC driver is a software component enabling a Java application to interact with a database.
OR
Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) is an application programming interface (API) for the programming language Java, which defines how a client may access any kind of tabular data, especially relational database.

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7. What is the use of JDBC DriverManager class?

Answer:JDBC DriverManager is the factory class through which we get the Database Connection object. When we load the JDBC Driver class, it registers itself to the DriverManager.
Then when we call DriverManager.getConnection() method by passing the database configuration details, DriverManager uses the registered drivers to get the Connection and return it to the caller program.

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8. What are the steps in JDBC connection?

Answer:- Import JDBC packages.
- Load and register the JDBC driver.
- Open a connection to the database.
- Create a statement object to perform a query.
- Execute the statement object and return a query resultset.
- Process the resultset.
- Close the resultset and statement objects.
- Close the connection.

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9. What are the types of JDBC drivers?

Answer: There are 4 types of JDBC drivers:
- Type-1 driver or JDBC-ODBC bridge driver
- Type-2 driver or Native-API driver
- Type-3 driver or Network Protocol driver
- Type-4 driver or Thin driver

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10. What is Server?

Answer:A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources, and provide the facility to client.
- Web Server: XAMPP, WAMPP etc.
- Application Server: AWS, GWS etc.

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11. What is Server?

Answer:A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources, and provide the facility to client.
- Web Server: XAMPP, WAMPP etc.
- Application Server: AWS, GWS etc.

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12. What is Server?

Answer:A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources, and provide the facility to client.
- Web Server: XAMPP, WAMPP etc.
- Application Server: AWS, GWS etc.

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13. What is Server?

Answer:A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources, and provide the facility to client.
- Web Server: XAMPP, WAMPP etc.
- Application Server: AWS, GWS etc.

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14. What is Server?

Answer:A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources, and provide the facility to client.
- Web Server: XAMPP, WAMPP etc.
- Application Server: AWS, GWS etc.

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15. What is Server?

Answer:A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources, and provide the facility to client.
- Web Server: XAMPP, WAMPP etc.
- Application Server: AWS, GWS etc.

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16. What is J2EE ? Explain about J2EE Multi-tier architecture.

Answer:J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) is an environment for developing and deploying enterprise applications. The J2EE platform consists of J2EE components, services, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and protocols that provide the functionality for developing multi-tiered and distributed Web based applications.

J2EE is four-tier architecture. These consist of Client Tier (Presentation tier or Application tier), Web tier, Enterprise JavaBeans Tier (or Application server tier), and the Enterprise Information Systems Tier or the Data tier. Two or more tiers can physically reside on the same Java Virtual Machine although each tier provides a specific type of functionality to an application. Some of the APIs of J2EE components can be used on more than one tier (i.e. XML API), while other APIs (i.e., EJB API) or associated with a particular tier.

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17. Differentiate Web Application and Web Server?

Answer:
Web Server: handles HTTP requests.
Application server:Execute business logic on any number of protocols

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18. Explain Web Container?

Answer:A web container is the component of a web server that interacts with Java servlets. A web container is responsible for managing the lifecycle of servlets, mapping a URL to a particular servlet and ensuring that the URL requester has the correct access-rights.

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19. What is Enterprise Application and n-tier Application?

Answer:Enterprise Application:Used to satisfy the needs of an organization rather than individual users. Such organizations include businesses, schools, interest-based user groups, clubs, charities, and governments.
- Deployed in Application server which has Web container, EJB container, set up for messaging services etc.
N-Tier:used to divide an enterprise application into two or more components that may be separately developed and executed.

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20. Difference between API and Library.

Answer: API (Application Programming Interface) is the way your application communicates with some software component, typically a library.
Library: A library is a collection of precompiled routines that a program can use.

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21. Describe The Different Roles Of Http?

Answer: In HTTP, there are two different roles: server and client. In general, the client always initiates the conversation; the server replies. HTTP is text based; that is, messages are essentially bits of text, although the message body can also contain other media. Text usage makes it easy to monitor an HTTP exchange.

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22. What is Servlet?

Answer: - Servlet technology is used to create a web application (resides at server side and generates a dynamic web page).
- Servlet is a class that extends the capabilities of the servers and responds to the incoming requests. It can respond to any requests.

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23. What Is The Mean Of following Http Response Codes?

Answer:
- 500:When all else fails; generally, a 500 response is used when processing fails due to unanticipated circumstances on the server side, which causes the server to error out.
- 409:This indicates a conflict. For instance, you are using a PUT request to create the same resource twice.
- 405:The HTTP method used is not supported for this resource.
- 401:This error indicates that you need to perform authentication before accessing the resource.
- 404:This response indicates that the required resource could not be found. This is generally returned to all requests which point to a URL with no corresponding resource.
- 400:The request was malformed. This happens especially with POST and PUT requests, when the data does not pass validation, or is in the wrong format.
- 201:This indicates the request was successful and a resource was created. It is used to confirm success of a PUT or POST request.
- 200:This response code indicates that the request was successful.

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24. What Is Session Tracking in Servlets

Answer:
Session: simply means a particular interval of time.
Session Tracking: is a way to maintain state (data) of an user. It is also known as session management in servlet. Http protocol is a stateless so we need to maintain state using session tracking techniques. Each time user requests to the server, server treats the request as the new request. So we need to maintain the state of an user to recognize to particular user. HTTP is stateless that means each request is considered as the new request.

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25. What are the Session Tracking Techniques?

Answer: There are four techniques used in Session tracking:
I. Cookies
II. Hidden Form Field
III. URL Rewriting
IV. HttpSession

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26. What is JSP?

Answer: Java Server Pages technology (JSP) is a server-side programming language used to create a dynamic web page in the form of HyperText Markup Language (HTML). It is an extension to the servlet technology.

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27. What are the life-cycle methods for a JSP?

Answer:
public void jspInit():It is invoked only once, same as init method of the servlet.
public void _jspService(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse):throws ServletException,IOException It is invoked at each request, same as service() method of the servlet.
public void jspDestroy():It is invoked only once, same as destroy() method of the servlet.

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28. Give the syntax for JSP comments.

Answer: <%-- Comment --%>

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29. How is JSP used in the MVC model?

Answer: JSP is usually used for presentation in the MVC pattern (Model View Controller ), i.e., it plays the role of the view. The controller deals with calling the model and the business classes which in turn get the data, and this data is then presented to the JSP for rendering on to the client.

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30. What is JSTL? and How many tags are provided in JSTL?

Answer:JSP Standard Tag Library is a library of predefined tags that ease the development of JSP.
There is 5 type of JSTL tags.
- core tags
- sql tags
- xml tags
- internationalization tags
- functions tags