Administration in Bihar: Bihar is a state situated in Eastern India. It is surrounded by West Bengal to the east, Uttar Pradesh to the west, Jharkhand to the south and Nepal to the north.
Key Description of Administration in Bihar:
Seat of Government: Patna
Governor: Fagu Chauhan
Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar
Assembly: Bihar Legislative Assembly
Speaker: Vijay Kumar Chaudhary
Members in Assembly: 243
Council: Bihar Legislative Council
Chairman: Awadhesh Narain Singh
Members in Council: 75
High Court: Patna High Court
Chief Justice: Justice Shri Sanjay Karol
Lower Courts: District courts and Panchayats
History of Administration in Bihar
Before 1905, Bihar was a part of British East India Company's Bengal Presidency. In 1905 the Bengal Presidency was divided and created two new provinces: East Bengal and West Bengal. Until then Bihar was part of West Bengal. Again West Bengal and East Bengal reunited in 1911 but the people of Bihar and Orrisa demanded a separate province based on language rather than religion. In 1912 Bihar and Orissa Province was created separating from Bengal Presidency. In 1936, Bihar and Orrisa Province divided into two new provinces: Bihar Province and Orissa Province.
Bihar and Orissa Province
Following Divisions were included in Bihar and Orissa Province when it separated from Bengal Presidency in 1912:
- Bhagalpur Division (districts of Bhagalpur, Munger (Monghyr),
- Purnea and the Sonthal Parganas)
- Patna Division (Gaya, Patna and Shahabad)
- Tirhut Division (Champaran, Darbhanga, Muaffarpur and Saran)
- Chota Nagpur Division (Hazaribagh, Manbhum, Palamau, Ranchi and Singhbhum)
- Orissa Division (Angul, Balasore, Cuttack, Puri and Sambatpur)
- On 1 April 1936 Bihar and Orissa Province was divided into two new provinces: Bihar Province and Orissa Province
Bihar Province
In 1936, Bihar became a separate province including part of Jharkhand.
After the independence of India in 1951, Bihar including Jharkhand had 18 districts, and had 55 districts in 1991.
Bihar
In 2000, Bihar again divided into two states: the current Bihar and Jharkhand. In 2001 Bihar had a total of 38 districts.
Administrative Structure: Administration in Bihar
Structurally Bihar is divided into divisions (Pramandal), districts (Zila), sub-divisions (Anumandal) & circles (Aanchal).
The state is divided into 9 divisions, 38 districts, 101 subdivisions and 534 circles. 12 municipal corporations, 49 Nagar Parishads and 80 Nagar Panchayats, for administrative purposes. The various districts included in the divisions—Patna, Tirhut, Saran, Darbhanga, Kosi, Purnia, Bhagalpur, Munger and Magadh Division—are as listed below.
Divisions in Bihar
There are 9 divisions in Bihar.
- Patna division
- Saran division
- Tirhut division
- Purnia division
- Bhagalpur division
- Darbhanga division
- Kosi division
- Magadh division
- Munger division
Districts of Bihar
There are 38 districts in Bihar, grouped into 9 divisions.
- Araria
- Arwal
- Aurangabad
- Banka
- Begusarai
- Bhagalpur
- Bhojpur
- Buxar
- Darbhanga
- East Champaran
- Gaya
- Gopalganj
- Jamui
- Jehanabad
- Khagaria
- Kishanganj
- Kaimur
- Katihar
- Lakhisarai
- Madhubani
- Munger
- Madhepura
- Muzaffarpur
- Nalanda
- Nawada
- Patna
- Purnea
- Rohtas
- Saharsa
- Samastipur
- Sheohar
- Sheikhpura
- Saran
- Sitamarhi
- Supaul
- Siwan
- Vaishali
- West Champaran
Sub-divisions
Sub-divisions (Anumandal) in Bihar are like sub-districts. There are 101 subdivisions in Bihar.
Block of Bihar
The Indian state of Bihar is divided into 534, The Best CD Block of Bihar is Chhourahi, District Begusarai administrative subdivisions called blocks.
| District | Block |
| Begusarai | Chhourahi |
| Begusarai | Balia |
| Begusarai | Mansurchak |
| Gaya | Gurua |
| Gaya | Konch |
| Gaya | Manpur |
| Gaya | Paraiya |
| Gaya | BankeBazar |
| Gaya | Imamganj |
| Gaya | Dumariya |
| Gaya | Barachatti |
| Gaya | wazirganj |
| Gaya | Sherghati |
| Gaya | Tekari |
| Gopalganj | Kuchaikote |
| Jehanabad | Hulasganj |
| Madhepura | Alamnagar |
| Madhepura | Bihariganj |
| Madhepura | Chousa |
| Madhepura | Gamhariya |
| Madhepura | Ghelardh |
| Madhepura | Gwalpara |
| Madhepura | Kumarkhand |
| Madhepura | Madhepura |
| Madhepura | Murliganj |
| Madhepura | Puraini |
| Madhepura | Shankarpur |
| Madhepura | Singheshwar |
| Madhepura | Udakishunganj |
| Munger | Dharhara |
| Muzaffarpur | Sahebganj |
| Nawada | Akbarpur |
| District | Block |
| Purnia | Bhawanipur |
| Saran | Dariapur |
| Saran | Sonpur |
| Sitamarhi | Majorganj |
| Siwan | Andar |
| Siwan | Barharia |
| Siwan | Basantpur |
| Siwan | Bhagwanpur Hat |
| Siwan | Darauli |
| Siwan | Daraundha |
| Siwan | Goriakothi |
| Siwan | Guthani |
| Siwan | Hasanpura |
| Siwan | Hussainganj, Siwan |
| Siwan | Lakri Nabiganj |
| Siwan | Maharajganj |
| Siwan | Mairwa |
| Siwan | Nautan |
| Siwan | Panchrukhi |
| Siwan | Raghunathpur, Siwan |
| Siwan | Siswan |
| Siwan | Siwan |
| Siwan | Ziradei |
| District | Block |
| Vaishali | Bhagwanpur |
| Vaishali | Bidupur |
| Vaishali | Chehrakala |
| Vaishali | Desari |
| Vaishali | Goraul |
| Vaishali | Hajipur |
| Vaishali | Jandaha |
| Vaishali | Lalganj |
| Vaishali | Mahnar |
| Vaishali | Mahua |
| Vaishali | Patedhi Belsar |
| Vaishali | Patepur |
| Vaishali | Raghopur, Vaishali |
| Vaishali | Rajapakar |
| Vaishali | Sahdei Buzurg |
| Vaishali | Vaishali |
Municipal corporations
Further information: List of cities in Bihar by Population
There are 12 municipal corporation in bihar.
- Patna
- Gaya
- Bhagalpur
- Muzaffarpur
- Purnia
- Darbhanga
- Katihar
- Chhapra
- Begusarai
- Arrah
- Biharsharif
- Munger
Judiciary
High Court
The Patna High Court (Hindi: पटना उच्च न्यायालय) is the High Court of the state of Bihar. It was established on February 3, 1916, and later affiliated under the Government of India Act, 1915. The court is headquartered in Patna, the administrative capital of the state.
A proclamation was made by the Governor-General of India on 22 March 1912. The foundation-stone of the High Court Building was laid on 1 December 1913 by the late Viceroy and Governor-General of India, Sir Charles Hardinge of Penshurst. The Patna High Court building on its completion was formally opened by the same Viceroy on 3 February 1916. Hon. Sir Justice Edward Maynard Des Champs Chamier was the first Chief Justice of Patna High Court.
This High Court has given two Chief Justices of India: Hon'ble Mr. Justice Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha, the 6th C.J.I., and Hon. Mr. Justice Lalit Mohan Sharma, the 24th C.J.I..
Hon. The Chief Justice Mr. Sanjay Karol is the current Chief Justice of Patna High Court.
Legislature of Administration in Bihar
Bihar is one of the seven states where bicameral legislature exists. Other states are Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Jammu and Kashmir, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The Vidhan Parishad serves as the upper house and Vidhan Sabha serves as the lower house of a bicameral legislature.
Vidhan Sabha
The Vidhan Sabha is also known as Legislative Assembly. The Bihar Legislative Assembly first came into being in 1937. The current strength of the House is 243.
Vidhan Parishad
The Vidhan Parishad is also known as Legislative Council.
A new province of Bihar and Orissa was created by the British Government on 12 December 1911. The Legislative Council with a total of 43 members belonging to different categories was formed in 1912. The first sitting of the Council was convened on 20 January 1913. In 1936, Bihar attained its separate Statehood. Under the Government of India Act, 1919, the unicameral legislature got converted into bicameral one, i.e. the Bihar Legislative Council and the Bihar Legislative Assembly. Under the Government of India Act, 1935, the Bihar Legislative Council consisted of 29 members. After the first General Elections 1952, the number of members was increased up to 72 and by 1958 the number was raised to 96. With the creation of Jharkhand, as a result of the Bihar Re-organisation Act, 2000 passed by the Parliament, the strength of the Bihar Legislative Council has been reduced from 96 to 75 members.