NDA (National Democratic Alliance):List of Party, History

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The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is an alliance of center-right and right wing political parties in India. It is led by the BJP.

National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
NDA

Its chairman was late Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Also representing the alliance are L. K. Advani, former Deputy Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, current Prime Minister and the Leader of the House in Lok Sabha; and Thawar Chand Gehlot, Leader of the House in Rajya Sabha and Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment and Amit Shah is the current chairman of the alliance.

The coalition ruled from 1998 to 2004. The alliance returned to power in the 2014 General Elections with a combined vote share of 38.5%.

Its leader, Modi, was sworn in as Prime Minister of India on 26 May 2014. In the 2019 general election, the Alliance further increased its tally to 353 seats with combined vote share of 45.43%.

 

Key Description of NDA:

Abbreviation: NDA

Founded: May 1998

Chairperson: Amit Shah

Lok Sabha Leader: Narendra Modi (Prime Minister)

Rajya Sabha Leader: Thawar Chand Gehlot (Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment)

Founder: Lal Krishna Advani and Atal Bihari Vajpayee (Bharatiya Janata Party)

Political Position: Centre-right to right-wing

Alliance: 17 Parties

Seats in Lok Sabha: 335 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 104 / 245

Seats in State Legislative Assemblies: Indian States

Number of states and union territories in government:18 / 31

 

History of NDA:

The NDA was formed in May 1998 as a coalition to contest the general elections. It was led by the BJP, and included several regional parties, including the Samta Party and the AIADMK, as well as Shiv Sena, the only member which shared the Hindutva ideology of the BJP.

With outside support provided by the TDP, the NDA was able to muster a slim majority in the elections of 1998, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee returned as prime minister.

The government collapsed within a year because the (AIADMK) withdrew its support. After the entry of a few more regional parties, the NDA proceeded to win the 1999 elections with a larger majority. Vajpayee became Prime Minister for a third time, this time for a full five-year term.

The NDA called elections in early 2004, six months ahead of schedule. Its campaign was based around the slogan of "India Shining" which attempted to depict the NDA government as responsible for a rapid economic transformation of the country.

However, the NDA suffered a defeat, winning only a 186 seats in the Lok Sabha, compared to the 222 of the United Progressive Alliance led by the Congress, with Manmohan Singh succeeding Vajpayee as prime minister. Commentators have stated that the NDA's failure to reach out to the rural masses was the explanation for its defeat.

 

Structure: The National Democratic Alliance does not have a formal governing structure in place, such as an executive board or politburo. It has been up to the leaders of the individual parties to make decisions on issues such as sharing of seats in elections, allocation of ministries and the issues that are raised in Parliament.

Given the varied ideologies among the parties, there have been many cases of disagreement and split voting among the allies.

Owing to ill health, George Fernandes, who was the NDA convener until 2008, was discharged of his responsibility and replaced by Sharad Yadav, the then national president of the JD(U) political party.

On 16 June 2013, the JD(U) left the coalition and Sharad Yadav resigned from the role of the NDA convener.

Then the CM of Andhra Pradesh Chandrababu Naidu was made the NDA convener. On 27 July 2017 JD(U) with the help of BJP formed the government in Bihar.

Later, on 19 August 2017 JD(U) formally rejoined the NDA after 4 years.

 

 

Present Members and Seats in Parliament:

 

Party MPs in Lok Sabha MPs in Rajya Sasha Party Status
1 Bharatiya Janata Party 303 75 National Party
2 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 1 9 Tamil Nadu
3 Janata Dal (United) 15 5 Bihar
4 Shiromani Akali Dal 2 3 Punjab
5 Republican Party of India (A) - 1 Maharashtra
6 Lok Janshakti Party 6 1 Bihar
7 Asom Gana Parishad - 1 Assam
8 Apna Dal (Sonelal) 2 - Uttar Pradesh
9 Bodoland People's Front - 1 Assam
10 National People's Party 1 1 Meghalaya
11 Pattali Makkal Katchi - 1 Tamil Nadu
12 Tamil Maanila Congress - 1 Tamil Nadu
13 Rashtriya Loktantrik Party 1 - Rajasthan
14 All Jharkhand Students Union 1 - Jharkhand
15 Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party 1 - Nagaland
16 Mizo National Front 1 1 Mizoram
17 Sikkim Krantikari Morcha 1 - Sikkim
18 Independent 2 2 None
19 Nominated - 4 None
Total 335 104 India

 

 

 

UPA (United Progressive Alliance): Chairperson, Party List

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United Progressive Alliance (UPA) is a coalition of centre-left political parties in India formed after the 2004 general election.

The largest member party of the UPA is the INC, whose President Sonia Gandhi is chairperson of the UPA.

United Progressive Alliance (UPA)

It formed a government with support from some other left-aligned parties in 2004, after no single party could get the majority on its own.

 

Key Description:

Abbreviation: UPA

Chairperson: Sonia Gandhi

Lok Sabha Leader: Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury

Rajya Sabha Leader: Ghulam Nabi Azad (Leader of the Opposition)

Founder: Sonia Gandhi

Founded 2004

Political Position: Centre-left

No. of Members: 15 Parties

Seats in Lok Sabha: 93 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 60 / 245

 

History of UPA:

The UPA was formed soon after the 2004 general elections when it had become clear that no party had won an absolute majority.

The hitherto ruling Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) had won 181 seats in the 543-member 14th Lok Sabha, as opposed to the UPA's tally of 218 seats.

The Left Front with 59 MPs (excluding the speaker of the Lok Sabha), the Samajwadi Party with 39 MPs and the Bahujan Samaj Party with 19 MPs were other significant blocks that opted to support UPA at various phases of its rule.

The UPA did not enjoy a simple majority on its own in the parliament, rather it has relied on the external support to ensure that it enjoys the confidence of the Indian parliament similar to the formula adopted by the previous minority governments of the United Front, the NDA, the Congress government of P. V. Narasimha Rao, and earlier governments of V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar.

An informal alliance had existed prior to the elections as several of the current constituent parties had developed seat-sharing agreements in many states. However, it was only after the election that the results of negotiations between parties were announced.

The UPA government's policies were initially guided by a common minimum programme that the alliance hammered out with fruitful consultations with Jyoti Basu and Harkishan Singh Surjeet of the 59-member Left Front.

Hence, government policies were generally perceived as centre-left, reflecting the centrist policies of the INC.

During the tenure of Jharkhand Chief Minister Madhu Koda, the constituents of the UPA were, by mutual consent, supporting his government.

On 22 July 2008, the UPA narrowly survived a vote of confidence in the parliament brought on by the Left Front withdrawing their support in protest at the India–United States Civil Nuclear Agreement.

The Congress party and its leaders along with then SP leader Amar Singh were accused for cash for vote scam (see: Cash-for-votes scandal) in which they were accused for buying votes in Lok Sabha to save the government.

In the Indian General Election in 2009, the UPA won 262 seats, of which the INC accounted for 206.

 

 

Current Membership of UPA:

 

Party MPs in Lok Sabha MPs in Rajya Sabha Base State
1 Indian National Congress 52 42 National Party
2 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 24 7 Tamil Nadu
3 Shiv Sena 18 3 Maharashtra
4 Rashtriya Janata Dal - 5 Bihar
5 Nationalist Congress Party 5 4 National Party
6 Indian Union Muslim League 3 1 Kerala

Tamil Nadu
7 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 3 - Jammu and Kashmir
8 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 1 1 Jharkhand
9 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 1 Karnataka
10 Kerala Congress (M) 1 1 Kerala
11 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam - 1 Tamil Nadu
12 Revolutionary Socialist Party 1 - Kerala
13 Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 1 - Tamil Nadu
14 All India United Democratic Front 1 - Assam
15 Independent 1 1 None
Total 112 67 India

 

 

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National People’s Party (NPP): History, Latest News 2020

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The National People's Party is a national-level political party in India, though its influence is mostly concentrated in the state of Meghalaya.

National People's Party
National People's Party (India) Logo

The party was founded by P A Sangma after his expulsion from the NCP in July 2012.

It was accorded national party status on 7 June 2019. It is the first political party from Northeastern India to have attained this status.

 

Key Description:

Abbreviation: NPP

President: Conrad Sangma

Lok Sabha Leader: Agatha Sangma

Founder: P. A. Sangma

Founded: 6 January 2013 (7 years ago)

Split From: Nationalist Congress Party

Headquarters: M.G. Avenue, Floor, MDU Building,Imphal, Manipur 795001

Ideology

  • Indian nationalism
  • Regionalism
  • Tribal interests

Political Position: Centre to centre-right

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance: NDA

Seats in Lok Sabha: 1 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 1 / 245

Seats in State Legislative Assembly Meghalaya Legislative Assembly: 21 / 60

Social Networking: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

History:

In January 2013, P. A. Sangma launched the party on the national level. He announced that his party would be in alliance with the National Democratic Alliance led by Bharatiya Janta Party.

Sangma also reiterated that though the membership of the party is open to all, it shall be a tribalcentric party.

Sangma who has been a nine-time Member of Parliament, had announced to form a new political party soon after his expulsion from the Nationalist Congress Party in July 2012, when he refused to accept party decision to quit the 2012 Indian presidential election.

NPP contested the assembly election of Rajasthan in December 2013, under the leadership of Kirodi Lal Meena, a former BJP member and MP (Independent from Dausa) at the time of election and won four seats.

Currently it is a part of North-East Regional Political Front consisting of political parties of the northeast which has supported the National Democratic Alliance.

In 2015, in a rare move election commission has suspended NPP for its failure to provide party's expenditure during Lok Sabha Elections held in 2014. NPP became first party to get suspended by EC.

In September 2015, the leaders of six parties—Samajwadi Party, Nationalist Congress Party, Jan Adhikar Party, Samras Samaj Party, National People's Party and Samajwadi Janata Party announced the formation of a third front known as the Socialist Secular Morcha.

National People's Party is fighting on 3 seats as part of Socialist Secular Morcha in 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.

In May 2016, after the Bharatiya Janata Party led National Democratic Alliance formed its first government in Assam, and formed a new alliance called the North-East Democratic Alliance (NEDA) with Himanta Biswa Sarma as its convener.

The Chief Ministers of the north eastern states of Sikkim, Assam and Nagaland too belong to this alliance. Thus, the National People's Party joined the BJP-led NEDA.

The NPP contested 9 candidates in the 2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election and won 4 seats.

In March 2018, The NPP came second behind Indian National Congress by winning 19 seats in the 2018 Meghalaya legislative assembly election.

Conrad Sangma staked claim to form government with a letter of support from the 34 MLA, that included 19 from NPP, 6 from United Democratic Party, 4 from People's Democratic Front, two each from Hill State People's Democratic Party and Bharatiya Janata Party, and an independent.

 

Election Symbol:

Its election symbol is a book. The significance for the same is that the party believes that only literacy and education can empower the weaker sections.

 

Election Results:

Year Election State Seats Won Total Seats
2014 Lok Sabha Meghalaya 1 2
2017 Assembly Manipur 4 60
2018 Assembly Meghalaya 20 60
2018 Assembly Nagaland 2 60
2019 Assembly Arunachal Pradesh 5 60
2019 Lok Sabha Meghalaya 1 2

 

 

All India Trinamool Congress (AITC): History, Latest News

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All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC or TMC; translation: All India Grassroots Congress) is an Indian national political party mostly active in West Bengal.

All India Trinamool Congress
All India Trinamool Congress - Logo

The party is led by its founder and current chief minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. Following the 2019 general election, it is currently the fifth-largest party in the Lok Sabha with 22 seats.

Since its inception the party has been at the forefront of the anti-communist movement in West Bengal.

 

Key Description:

Abbreviation: AITC

Chairperson: Mamata Banerjee

General Secretary: Subrata Bakshi

Parliamentary Chairperson: Sudip Bandyopadhyay

Lok Sabha Leader: Sudip Bandyopadhyay

Rajya Sabha Leader: Derek O'Brien

Founder: Mamata Banerjee

Founded: 1 January 1998 (22 years ago)

Split: from Indian National Congress

Headquarters: 30B Harish Chatterjee Street, Kolkata-700026

Newspaper: Jago Bangla (Bengali)

Student Wing: Trinamool Chhatra Parishad

Youth Wing: Trinamool Youth Congress

Women's Wing: Trinamool Mahila Congress

Labour Wing: Trinamool Trade Union Congress

Peasant's Wing: Trinamool Kisan Congress

Ideology:

  • Democratic socialism
  • Left-wing populism
  • Secularism
  • Anti-communism
  • Political position Centre-left

ECI Status: National party

Alliance

  • NDA (1999–2009)
  • UPA (2009–2012)
  • Federal Front (2019)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 22 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 13 / 245

Seats in West Bengal Legislative Assembly: 224 / 294

Number of states and union territories in government: 1 / 31

Website: www.aitcofficial.org

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

History All India Trinamool Congress:

After being a member of the Indian National Congress for over 26 years, Mamata Banerjee formed her own party of Bengal, the "Trinamool Congress", which was registered with the Election Commission of India during mid-December 1999.

The Election Commission allotted to the party an exclusive symbol of Jora Ghas Phul.

On 2 September 2016 election commission recognized AITC as a national political party.

Nandigram Movement: In December 2006, the people of Nandigram were given notice by Haldia Development Authority that major portion of Nandigram would be seized and 70,000 people be evicted from their homes.

People started movement against this land acquisition and Trinamool Congress led the movement. Bhumi Uchchhed Pratirodh Committee (BUPC) was formed against land grabbing and eviction.

On 14 March 2007 the police opened firing and killed 14 villagers. Many more went missing.

Many sources claimed which was supported by CBI in its report, that armed CPM cadres, along with police, fired on protesters in Nandigram Many intellectuals protested on the streets and this incident gave birth to a new movement. SUCI (C) leader Nanda Patra led the movement.

 

Important Leaders All India Trinamool Congress:

  • The highest decision-making body of the party is its Core Committee.
  • Mamata Banerjee - Founder, National Chairperson, Leader of the party in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
  • Subrata Bakshi - General Secretary.
  • Tamanash Ghosh - National Treasurer
  • Subrata Mukherjee - MIC, Panchayet and Public Health Engineering, Govt of WB.
  • Derek O'Brien -National Spokesperson and Leader of the party in the Rajya Sabha.
  • Partha Chatterjee - Secretary-General (West Bengal Trinamool Congress), Deputy Leader of the party in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
  • Sudip Bandyopadhyay - Leader of the party in the Lok Sabha.
  • Dr. Kakoli Ghosh Dastidar - Deputy leader of the party in the Lok Sabha.
  • Kalyan Banerjee - Chief whip of the party in the Lok Sabha.
  • Suvendu Adhikari - MIC, Transport and Environment Dept, Govt of WB.
  • Abhishek Banerjee- National President of All India Trinamool Youth Congress.
  • Firhad Hakim - Hon’ble Mayor of Kolkata, MIC, Urban
  • Development Dept, Govt of WB.

 

 

Communist Party of India (CPI): History, Latest News 2020

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The Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest communist political party in India, and one of the eight national parties in the country.

There are different views on exactly when it was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by the CPI is 26 December 1925.

The Communist Party of India (Marxist), also a national party, separated from the CPI in 1964 following an ideological rift between China and the Soviet Union, continues to claim having been founded in 1920. The party remains committed to Marxism–Leninism.

Communist Party of India (CPI)
Communist Party of India (CPI) - Logo

 

Key Description of Communist Party of India:

Abbreviation: CPI

General Secretary D. Raja

Lok Sabha :eader: K. Subbarayan

Rajya Sabha Leader Binoy Viswam

Founder:

  • S. V. Ghate
  • M. Singaravelu
  • K.N. Joglekar
  • Hasrat Mohani
  • Muzaffar Ahmed
  • Ayodhya Prasad

Founded: 26 December 1925 (94 years ago) at Cawnpore, United Province, British Raj (presently Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India)

Headquarters: Ajoy Bhavan, 15, Indrajit Gupta Marg, New Delhi, India-110002

Student Wing: All India Students Federation

Youth Wing: All India Youth Federation

Women's Wing: National Federation of Indian Women

Labour Wing:

  • All India Trade Union Congress
  • Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union

Peasant's Wing: All India Kisan Sabha

  • Ideology Communism
  • Marxism–Leninism
  • Socialism
  • Secularism

Political Position: Left-wing

International Affiliation: International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance:

  • Democratic Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)
  • Left Front, Tripura (Tripura)
  • Left Front, West Bengal (West Bengal)
  • Left Democratic Front, Kerala (Kerala)
  • Left Democratic Front, Maharashtra (Maharashtra)
  • Left Democratic Manch (Assam)
  • Punjab Democratic Alliance (Punjab)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 2 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 1 / 245

Website: www.communistparty.in

Social Networking: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

 

History of Communist Party of India:

The Communist Party of India has officially stated that it was formed on 26 December 1925 at the first Party Conference in Kanpur, then Cawnpore. S.V. Ghate was the first General Secretary of CPI.

But as per the version of CPI (M), the Communist Party of India was founded in Tashkent, Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on 17 October 1920, soon after the Second Congress of the Communist International.

The founding members of the party were M.N. Roy, Evelyn Trent Roy (Roy's wife), Abani Mukherji, Rosa Fitingof (Abani's wife), Mohammad Ali (Ahmed Hasan), Mohammad Shafiq Siddiqui, Hasrat Mohani, Rafiq Ahmed of Bhopal and M.P.T. Aacharya, and Sultan Ahmed Khan Tarin of North-West Frontier Province.

The CPI says that there were many communist groups formed by Indians with the help of foreigners in different parts of the world and the Tashkent group was only one of. contacts with Anushilan and Jugantar groups in Bengal. Small communist groups were formed in Bengal (led by Muzaffar Ahmed), Bombay (led by S.A. Dange), Madras (led by Singaravelu Chettiar), United Provinces (led by Shaukat Usmani) and Punjab and Sindh (led by Ghulam Hussain). However, only Usmani became a CPI party member

 

 

Present Situation:

CPI was recognized by the Election Commission of India as a 'National Party'. To date, CPI happens to be the only national political party from India to have contested all the general elections using the same electoral symbol.

Owing to a massive defeat in 2019 Indian general election where the party saw its tally reduce to 2 MP, the Election Commission of India has sent a letter to CPI asking for reasons why its national party status should not be revoked.

If similar performance is repeated in the next election, the CPI will no longer be a national party.

On the national level they supported the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance government along with other parliamentary Left parties, but without taking part in it.

Upon attaining power in May 2004, the United Progressive Alliance formulated a programme of action known as the Common Minimum Programme.

The Left bases its support to the UPA on strict adherence to it. Provisions of the CMP mentioned to discontinue disinvestment, massive social sector outlays and an independent foreign policy.

On 8 July 2008, the General Secretary of CPI(M), Prakash Karat, announced that the Left was withdrawing its support over the decision by the government to go ahead with the United States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy Cooperation Act.

The Left parties combination had been a staunch advocate of not proceeding with this deal citing national interests.

In West Bengal it participates in the Left Front. It also participated in the state government in Manipur.

In Kerala the party is part of Left Democratic Front. In Tripura the party is a partner of the Left Front, which governed the state till 2018.

In Tamil Nadu it is part of the Progressive Democratic Alliance. It is involved in the Left Democratic Front in Maharashtra

The current general secretary of CPI is D. Raja.

 

 

Lok Sabha Election Tally:

 

Lok Sabha Year Lok Sabha
constituencies		 Seats
Contested		 Won Votes %
First 1952 489 49 16 3.29%
Second 1957 494 109 27 8.92%
Third 1962 494 137 29 9.94%
Fourth 1967 520 109 23 5.11%
Fifth 1971 518 87 23 4.73%
Sixth 1977 542 91 7 2.82%
Seventh 1980 529 ( 542* ) 47 10 2.49%
Eighth 1984 541 66 6 2.70%
Ninth 1989 529 50 12 2.57%
Tenth 1991 534 43 14 2.48%
Eleventh 1996 543 43 12 1.97%
Twelfth 1998 543 58 09 1.75%
Thirteenth 1999 543 54 04 1.48%
Fourteenth 2004 543 34 10 1.41%
Fifteenth 2009 543 56 04 1.43%
Sixteenth 2014 543 67 01 0.78%
Seventeenth 2019 543 02

 

 

Nationalist Congress Party (NCP): History, Latest News

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The Nationalist Congress Party (abbr. NCP) is one of the eight national parties in India.

Nationalist Congress Party (NCP)
Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) - Logo

 

Key Description Nationalist Congress Party (NCP):

Abbreviation: NCP

President: Sharad Pawar

Spokesperson: Nawab Malik

Lok Sabha Leader: Supriya Sule

Rajya Sabha Leader: Sharad Pawar

Founder

  • Sharad Pawar
  • P. A. Sangma
  • Tariq Anwar

Founded: 10 June 1999 (20 years ago)

Split From: Indian National Congress

Headquarters: 10, Bishmabhar Marg, New Delhi, India-110001

Student Wing: Nationalist Student Congress

Youth Wing: Nationalist Youth Congress

Nationalist: Yuvati Congress

Women's Wing: Nationalist Mahila Congress

Ideology

  • Liberalism
  • Secularism
  • Progressivism
  • Civic nationalism
  • Social justice
  • Federalism

Political Position: Centre to centre-left

ECI Status National Party

Alliance: United Progressive Alliance

Seats in Lok Sabha: 5 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 4 / 245

Number of states and union territories in government: 3 / 31

Website: www.ncp.org.in

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

 

Party Formation And Performance:

The NCP was formed on 25 May 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P. A. Sangma, and Tariq Anwar after they were expelled from the Indian National Congress (INC) on 20 May 1999, for disputing the right of Italian-born Sonia Gandhi to lead the party.

At the time of formation of the NCP, the Indian Congress (Socialist) party merged with the new party.

Despite the NCP being founded on opposition to the leadership of Sonia Gandhi, the party joined the Congress led UPA to form government of Maharashtra in October 1999. In 2004, the party joined the UPA to form the Indian Government led by Manmohan Singh.

NCP leader, Sharad pawar served as the minister of agriculture for both five year terms of Singh led government.The party remained part of the Congress led Maharashtra state government until 2014.

On 20 June 2012, P. A. Sangma quit the NCP to contest in presidential polls. In May 2014 Lok Sabha, the UPA lost to the rival NDA alliance led by Narendra Modi and the NCP was out of government for the first time in ten years.

NCP broke its alliance with the Congress party just before Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections in 2014 to contest on its own.[citation needed] In the assembly election the BJP emerged as the largest party and formed a minority government initially with support from NCP.

In April 2019, voting took place for the 48 Lok Sabha seats from Maharashtra. The Congress and NCP had a seat-sharing arrangement. Similarly, despite their differences, the BJP and Shiv Sena once again contested the elections together under the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) banner.

The election was another landslide victory for the NDA, with the BJP and Shiv Sena winning 23 and 18 seats, respectively, out of the total of the state's 48 Lok Sabha seats.

The Congress party won only one seat in the state whereas the NCP won five seats from its stronghold of western Maharashtra.

After a month of political drama, the NCP came back into power in November 2019 as part of a coalition formed between Shiv Sena , the Congress and NCP.

This followed the Maharashtra Vidhan sabha elections in October 2019 where the BJP–Shiv-Sena and NCP–Congress alliances remained intact for seat sharing.

The BJP and Shiv Sena together gained the majority of seats in the assembly but could not form government due to squabbles between the two parties.

The BJP, with 105 seats, was far short of the 145 seats required to form majority and declined to form a minority government. At the same time, Shiv Sena started talks with the NCP and Congress to form government.

However, in a dramatic and controversial move, on 23 November 2019, the BJP formed a government with support from NCP, with Ajit Pawar as Deputy Chief Minister.

This government collapsed three days later with Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis and Ajit Pawar resigning their respective positions.

On 28 November 2019, the governor swore in Uddhav Thackeray, the Shiv Sena chief, as the new chief minister of Maharashtra.

Thackeray's governing coalition includes Shiv Sena, NCP, INC, and a number of independent members of legislative assembly.The cabinet includes ministers from NCP in key portfolios.

 

 

Notable Leaders of Nationalist Congress Party (NCP):

 

SI No. Name Designation Comment
1. Sharad Pawar 1.) Founder and National President.
2.) Former Union Minister of Defence, Government of India.
3.) Former Union Minister of Agriculture, Government of India.
4.) Former Chief Minister of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
2. Ajit Pawar 1.) Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
2.) Member of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
3.) Leader of NCP Legislative Party in the newly-elected Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.		 Active in Politics.
3. Rajesh Tope 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) Former Higher Education Minister.
3.) Health Minister Of Maharashtra Government.		 Active in Politics.
4. Dhananjay Munde 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) Former Opposition Leader in Maharashtra Legislative Council.
3.) Cabinet Minister Of Maharashtra Government.		 Active in Politics.
5. Jayant Patil 1.) Maharashtra State President.
2.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
3.) Cabinet Minister Of Maharashtra Government.		 Active in Politics.
6. Supriya Sule Member of the Lok Sabha from Baramati. Active in Politics.
7. Jitendra Awhad 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) Cabinet Minister of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
7. Chhagan Bhujbal 1.) Former Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
2.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
3.) Cabinet Minister of Maharashtra Government.		 Active in Politics.
8. Sunil Tatkare Member of the Lok Sabha from Raigad. Active in Politics.
9. Amol Kolhe Member of the Lok Sabha from Shirur. Active in Politics.
10. Mohammed Faizal P. P. Member of the Lok Sabha from Lakshadweep. Active in Politics.
11. Shankersinh Vaghela Former Chief Minister of Gujarat. Active in Gujarat Politics.
12. Praful Patel 1.) Member of the Parliament, Rajya Sabha.
2.) Former Union Minister of Civil Aviation, Government of India.		 Active in Politics.
13. Nawab Malik 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) National Spokesperson.
3.) Mumbai President.
4.) Cabinet Minister of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
14. R.R. Patil Former Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra. Died in 2015.
15. Dilip Walse-Patil 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) Cabinet Minister of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
16. Fouzia Khan 1.) National President of NCP's women's wing.
2.) Former Minister, Government of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
17. Thomas Chandy Former Transport Minister
Government of Kerala.		 Died on 20 December 2019.
18. D. P. Tripathi Former Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha. Died on 2 January 2020.
19. Reshma Patel General Secretary of Gujarat state Nationalist Congress Party. Active in Gujarat Politics.
20. Kandhal Jadeja Member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly. Active in Gujarat Politics.
21. Dheeraj Sharma National President of the National Student and Congress. Active in Politics.
22. Anil Deshmukh 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) Minister for Home Affairs
Government of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
23. Babajani Durani Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Council. Active in Politics.
24. Hasan Mushrif 1.) Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
2.) Former Minister, Government of Maharashtra.		 Active in Politics.
25. Shriniwas Patil 1.) Former Governor of Sikkim.
2.) Member of the Lok Sabha from Satara.		 Active in Politics.

 

Electoral Performance: Lok Sabha elections

 

Lok Sabha term Indian
general election		 Seats
contested		 Seats
won		 Votes polled State (seats)
13th Lok Sabha 1999 132 8 82,60,311 ·         Maharashtra

·         Manipur

·         Meghalaya
14th Lok Sabha 2004 32 9 70,23,175 ·         Maharashtra
15th Lok Sabha 2009 68 9 85,21,502 ·         Maharashtra

·         Meghalaya
16th Lok Sabha 2014 36 6 86,35,558 ·         Maharashtra

·         Bihar

·         Lakshadweep
17th Lok Sabha 2019 35 5 84,83,632 ·         Maharashtra

·         Lakshadweep

Indian National Congress (INC): History, Latest News 2020

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The Indian National Congress (About this sound pronunciation  (INC, often called the Congress Party or simply Congress) is a political party in India with widespread roots.

Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa.

From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement.

Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

Congress is a "big tent" party whose liberal social democratic platform is generally considered to be on the centre-left of Indian politics.

Congress' social policy is based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodaya–the lifting up of all sections of society–which involves the improvement of the lives of economically underprivileged and socially marginalised people.

On social and economic issues, it advocates liberty, social justice, equality, welfare state, along with progressive and secular society.

The party's constitution adheres to liberal–democratic socialist philosophy.

Indian National Congress
Indian National Congress - Logo

After India's independence in 1947, Congress formed the union government of India, and many state governments of India Congress became India's dominant political party; as of 2019, in the 17 general elections since independence, it has won an outright majority on seven occasions and has led the ruling coalition a further three times, heading the central government for more than 54 years.

There have been six Congress Prime Ministers, the first being Jawaharlal Nehru (1947–1964), and the most recent Manmohan Singh (2004–2014).

Although it did not fare well in the last two general elections in India in 2014 and 2019, it remains one of two major, nationwide, political parties in India, along with the right-wing, Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

In the 2014 general election, Congress had its poorest post-independence general election performance, winning only 44 seats of the 543-member Lok Sabha—the lower house of the Parliament of India.

From 2004 to 2014, United Progressive Alliance, a coalition of Congress with several regional parties, formed the Indian government led by Manmohan Singh, the Prime Minister as the head of the coalition government.

The leader of the party during the period, Sonia Gandhi has served the longest term as the president of the party.

As of July 2019, the party is in power in six legislative assemblies: Punjab, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra (as part of the Maha Vikas Aghadi), and the union territory of Puducherry (in an alliance with Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam).

 

Key Description of Nationalist Congress Party:

Abbreviation: INC

President: Sonia Gandhi (interim)

Presidium: All India Congress Committee

Parliamentary Chairperson: Sonia Gandhi

Lok Sabha Leader: Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury

Rajya Sabha Leader: Ghulam Nabi Azad (Leader of the Opposition)

Founders:

  • Allan Octavian Hume
  • William Wedderburn
  • W. C. Bonnerjee
  • Surendranath Banerjee
  • Monomohun Ghose
  • Lalmohan Ghosh
  • Badruddin Tyabji
  • M. G. Ranade
  • Dadabhai Naoroji
  • Dinshaw Wacha
  • Pherozeshah Mehta

Founded: 28 December 1885 (134 years ago)

Headquarters: 24, Akbar Road, New Delhi-110001

Newspaper: Congress Sandesh

Student Wing: National Students Union of India

Youth Wing: Indian Youth Congress

Women's Wing: All India Mahila Congress

Labor Wing: Indian National Trade Union Congress

Ideology:

  • Secularism
  • Big tent
  • Social liberalism
  • Social democracy
  • Progressivism
  • Civic nationalism

Political Position: Centre to centre-left

International affiliation:

  • Progressive Alliance
  • Socialist International

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance:

  • United Progressive Alliance (All India)
  • Democratic Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)
  • Maha Vikas Aghadi (Maharashtra)
  • Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)
  • Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)
  • United Democratic Front (Kerala)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 52 / 542

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 39 / 245 (currently 213 elected members + 12 nominated members)

Number of states and union territories in government: 6 / 31
(currently 28 states + 2 union

Website: www.inc.in

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, LinkedIn

 

History:

First session of Indian National Congress, Bombay, 28–31 December 1885

The Indian National Congress conducted its first session in Bombay from 28–31 December 1885 at the initiative of retired Civil Service officer Allan Octavian Hume.

In 1883, Hume had outlined his idea for a body representing Indian interests in an open letter to graduates of the University of Calcutta.

Its aim was to obtain a greater share in government for educated Indians, and to create a platform for civic and political dialogue between them and the British Raj.

Hume took the initiative, and in March 1885 a notice convening the first meeting of the Indian National Union to be held in Poona the following December was issued. Due to a cholera outbreak there, it was moved to Bombay.

A. O. Hume, one of the founders of the Indian National Congress

Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee, The First president of Indian National Congress

Hume organised the first meeting in Bombay with the approval of the Viceroy Lord Dufferin. Umesh Chandra Banerjee was the first president of Congress; the first session was attended by 72 delegates, representing each province of India.

Notable representatives included Scottish ICS officer William Wedderburn, Dadabhai Naoroji, Pherozeshah Mehta of the Bombay Presidency Association, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, social reformer and newspaper editor Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, Justice K. T. Telang, N. G. Chandavarkar, Dinshaw Wacha, Behramji Malabari, journalist and activist Gooty Kesava Pillai, and P. Rangaiah Naidu of the Madras Mahajana Sabha.

This small elite group, unrepresentative of the Indian masses at the time, functioned more as a stage for elite Indian ambitions than a political party for the first decade of its existence.

 

Election Symbols:

As of 2014, the election symbol of Congress, as approved by the Election Commission of India, is an image of a right hand with its palm facing front and its fingers pressed together; this is usually shown in the centre of a tricolor flag.

The hand symbol was first used by Indira Gandhi when she split from the Congress (R) faction following the 1977 elections and created the New Congress (I).

The symbol of the original Congress during elections held between 1952 and 1971 was an image of two bullocks with a plough. The symbol of Indira's Congress (R) during the 1971–1977 period was a cow with a suckling calf.

 

National Elections Results:

 

Year Legislature Party leader Seats won Percentage of votes Outcome
1934 5th Central Legislative Assembly Bhulabhai Desai 42 / 147 – N/A
1945 6th Central Legislative Assembly Sarat Chandra Bose 59 / 102 – Interim Government of India (1946–1947)
1951 1st Lok Sabha Jawaharlal Nehru 364 / 489 44.99% Government
1957 2nd Lok Sabha 371 / 494 47.78% Government
1962 3rd Lok Sabha 361 / 494 44.72% Government
1967 4th Lok Sabha Indira Gandhi 283 / 520 40.78% Government
1971 5th Lok Sabha 352 / 518 43.68% Government
1977 6th Lok Sabha 153 / 542 34.52% Opposition
1980 7th Lok Sabha 351 / 542 42.69% Government
1984 8th Lok Sabha Rajiv Gandhi 415 / 533 49.01% Government
1989 9th Lok Sabha 197 / 545 39.53% Opposition
1991 10th Lok Sabha P. V. Narasimha Rao 244 / 545 35.66% Government
1996 11th Lok Sabha 140 / 545 28.80% Opposition, later outside support for UF
1998 12th Lok Sabha Sitaram Kesri 141 / 545 25.82% Opposition
1999 13th Lok Sabha Sonia Gandhi 114 / 545 28.30% Opposition
2004 14th Lok Sabha 145 / 543 26.7% Government
2009 15th Lok Sabha 206 / 543 28.55% Government
2014 16th Lok Sabha Rahul Gandhi 44 / 543 19.3% Opposition
2019 17th Lok Sabha 52 / 543 19.5% Opposition

 

Current Structure And Composition:

Congress was structured in a hierarchical manner by Mahatma Gandhi when he took charge as the president of the party in 1921.

The party was a "broad church" during the independence movement; however, Jawarlal Nehru's descendants have turned the party into a "family firm" with hereditary succession.

At present, the president and the All India Congress Committee (AICC) are elected by delegates from state and district parties at an annual national conference; in every Indian state and union territory—or pradesh—there is a Pradesh Congress Committee (PCC), which is the state-level unit of the party responsible for directing political campaigns at local and state levels, and assisting the campaigns for parliamentary constituencies.

Each PCC has a working committee of twenty members, most of whom are appointed by the party president, the leader of the state party, who is chosen by the national president.

Those elected as members of the states' legislative assemblies form the Congress Legislature Parties in the various state assemblies; their chairperson is usually the party's nominee for Chief Ministership.

The party is also organised into various committees, and sections; it publishes a daily newspaper, the National Herald.

Despite being a party with a structure, Congress under Indira Gandhi did not hold any organizational elections after 1972.

 

List of Prime Ministers:

 

No. Prime Ministers Tenure Duration Constituency
1 Jawaharlal Nehru 15 August 1947 – 27 May 1964 16 years, 286 days Phulpur
2 Lal Bahadur Shastri 9 June 1964 – 11 January 1966 1 year, 216 days Allahabad
– Gulzarilal Nanda
(Acting Prime Minister)		 11 January 1966 – 24 January 1966 26 days Sabarkantha
3 Indira Gandhi 24 January 1966 – 24 March 1977

14 January 1980 – 31 October 1984

 11 years, 59 days;

4 years, 291 days

 Uttar Pradesh (Rajya Sabha), Rae Bareli, Medak
4 Rajiv Gandhi 31 October 1984 – 2 December 1989 5 years, 32 days Amethi
5 P. V. Narasimha Rao 21 June 1991 – 16 May 1996 4 years, 330 days Nandyal
6 Manmohan Singh 22 May 2004 – 26 May 2014 10 years, 4 days Assam (Rajya Sabha)

 

List of Prime Ministers (former Congress members):

 

No. Prime Ministers Tenure Duration Constituency
1 Morarji Desai 24 March 1977 – 28 July 1979 2 years, 65 days Surat
2 Charan Singh 28 July 1979 – 14 January 1980 139 days Baghpat
3 V. P. Singh 2 December 1989 – 10 November 1990 343 days Fatehpur
4 Chandra Shekhar 10 November 1990 – 21 June 1991 223 days Ballia
5 H. D. Deve Gowda 1 June 1996 – 21 April 1997 324 days Karnataka (Rajya Sabha)
6 I. K. Gujral 21 April 1997 – 19 March 1998 332 days Bihar (Rajya Sabha)

 

Communist Party of India (Marxist): History, Latest News

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About Communist Party of India (Marxist):

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated CPI(M)) is a communist political party in India that adheres to Marxist–Leninist philosophy.

It is one of the national parties of India. The party emerged from a split from the Communist Party of India in 1964 due largely to the continued adherence of the CPI to the USSR and the adherence of the dissidents who formed the CPI(M) to the People's Republic of China.

Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) - Logo

The CPI(M) was formed at the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of India held in Calcutta from 31 October to 7 November 1964.

As of 2018, CPI(M) is leading the state government in Kerala and has representation in the following Legislative assemblies in the states of Kerala, West Bengal, Tripura, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Odisha and Maharashtra. As of 2018, CPI(M) claimed to have 1 million members.

The Politburo is the supreme organ of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). However, in between two party congresses, the Central Committee is the highest decision making body.

 

 

Key Description Communist Party of India (Marxist):

Abbreviation: CPI(M)

General Secretary: Sitaram Yechury

Lok Sabha Leader: A. M. Ariff

Rajya Sabha Leader: Vacant

Founders:

  • P. Sundarayya
  • E. M. S. Namboodiripad
  • Harkishan Singh Surjeet
  • A. K. Gopalan
  • Promode Dasgupta
  • B. T. Ranadive
  • M. Basavapunnaiah
  • Jyoti Basu
  • P. Ramamurthi

Founded: 7 November 1964 (55 years ago)

Split From: Communist Party of India

Headquarters: A. K. Gopalan Bhawan, 27-29, Bhai Vir Singh Marg, New Delhi-110 001

Student Wing: Students' Federation of India

Youth Wing: Democratic Youth Federation of India

Labour Wing: Centre of Indian Trade Unions

Peasant's Wing: All India Kisan Sabha

Ideology:

  • Communism
  • Marxism–Leninism
  • Anti-capitalism
  • Anti-imperialism

Political Position: Left-wing to far-left

International Affiliation: International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance:

  • Democratic Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)
  • Left Front, Tripura (Tripura)
  • Left Front, West Bengal (West Bengal)
  • Left Democratic Front, Kerala (Kerala)
  • Left Democratic Front, Maharashtra (Maharashtra)
  • Left Democratic Manch (Assam)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 3 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 5 / 245

Seats in State Legislative Assemblies: 99 / 4,119

Number of states and union territories in government:
2 / 31

Website: www.cpim.org

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

 

History:

Communist Party of India(Marxist) emerged from a division within the undivided Communist Party of India (CPI), which was formed on 17 October 1920.

The undivided CPI had experienced a period of upsurge during the years following the Second World War.

The CPI led armed rebellions in Telangana, Tripura, and Kerala. However, it soon abandoned the strategy of armed revolution in favour of working within the parliamentary framework.

In 1950, B. T. Ranadive, the CPI general secretary and a prominent representative of the radical sector inside the party, was demoted on grounds of left-adventurism.

Under the government of the Indian National Congress party of Jawaharlal Nehru, independent India developed close relations and a strategic partnership with the Soviet Union.

The Soviet government consequently wished that the Indian communists moderate their criticism towards the Indian state and assume a supportive role towards the Congress governments.

However, large sections of the CPI claimed that India remained a semi-feudal country, and that class struggle could not be put on the back-burner for the sake of guarding the interests of Soviet trade and foreign policy.

Moreover, the Indian National Congress appeared to be generally hostile towards political competition.

In 1959 the central government intervened to impose President's Rule in Kerala, toppling the E.M.S. Namboodiripad cabinet (the sole non-Congress state government in the country).

 

 

Political Ideology And Stances:

The Party Constitution currently in force was adopted at the Eighth Party Congress in December 1968.

Article II of the constitution lays out of the aim of the party:

"Revolutionary vanguard of the working class of India. Its aim is socialism and communism through the establishment of the state of dictatorship of the proletariat.

In all its activities the Party is guided by the philosophy and principles of Marxism–Leninism which shows to the toiling masses the correct way to the ending of exploitation of man by man, their complete emancipation.

The Party keeps high the banner of proletarian internationalism".

ARTICLE XXA of the constitution states that:

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) shall bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and to the principles of socialism, secularism and democracy and would uphold the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.

 

The party is well known for its anti-globalization and anti-capitalist stance.

Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP): History, Vision, Latest News

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About Bahujan Samaj Party:

The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) is a national level political party in India that was formed to represent Bahujans (literally means "people in majority"), referring to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes (OBC), along with religious minorities.

According to Kanshi Ram, when he founded the party in 1984, the Bahujans comprised 85 percent of India's population, but were divided into 6,000 different castes.

The party claims to be inspired by the philosophy of Gautama Buddha, B. R. Ambedkar, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, Narayana Guru, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj. Kanshi Ram named his protégée, Mayawati, as his successor in 2001.

Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)

The BSP has its main base in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh where it was the second-largest party in the 2019 Indian general election with 19.3% of votes and in the 2017 Uttar Pradesh elections with over 22% of votes. Its election symbol is an elephant.

 

 

Key Description of Bahujan Samaj Party:

President: Mayawati

Leader: Mayawati

Headquarters: 12, Gurudwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi - 110001

Founder: Kanshi Ram

Newspaper: Mayayug, Bahujan Samaj Bulletin (Punjabi)

Abbreviation: BSP

Secretary:

  • Satish Chandra Mishra
  • R S Kushwaha
  • Munquad Ali
  • Ram Achal Rajbhar
  • Mewalal Gautam
  • R Sridhar

Lok Sabha Leader: Kunwar Danish Ali

Rajya Sabha Leader: Satish Chandra Mishra

Founded: 14 April 1984 (36 years ago)

Ideology:

  • Social equality
  • Social justice
  • Self respect

Political Position: Centre-left

ECI Status: National Party

Seats in Lok Sabha: 10 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 2 / 245

Website: www.bspindia.org

Social Network: Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn

 

 

Organisation And Structure:

The BSP has no separate youth wing; however, youth representation is over 50%.

BSP has no social media accounts or website. Sudhindra Bhadoria, a senior party leader, is the only official spokesperson of the BSP.

 

 

Ideology And Political Positions:

Ideology: Its self-proclaimed ideology is "Social Transformation and Economic Emancipation" of the "Bahujan Samaj".

The "Bahujan Samaj", to them, consists of the lower-caste groups in India like the Scheduled Castes (SC), the Scheduled Tribes (ST) and the Other Backward Classes (OBC).

It also includes religious minorities like Sikhs, Muslims, Christians, Parsis, and Buddhists.

They see these groups as victims of the "Manuwadi" system for millennia, a system which benefited upper-caste Hindus only. B. R. Ambedkar, a champion of lower-caste rights, is an important ideological inspiration.

The party claims not to be prejudiced against upper-caste Hindus. In 2008, while addressing the audience, Mayawati said: "Our policies and ideology are not against any particular caste or religion. If we were anti-upper caste, we would not have given tickets to candidates from upper castes to contest elections".

Satish Chandra Mishra, a BSP senior leader, is upper caste. The party also believe in egalitarianism and hold a strong emphasis on social justice.

 

List of Chief Minister:

No Name Constituency Term of office Tenure length Assembly
1 Mayawati 3 June 1995 18 October 1995 137 days twelfth Assembly (1993–95)
(1993 election)
Mayawati Harora 21 March 1997 21 September 1997 184 days Thirteenth Assembly (1996–2002)
(1996 election)
Mayawati Harora 3 May 2002 29 August 2003 1 year, 118 days Fourteenth Assembly (2002–07)
(2002 election)
Mayawati MLC 13 May 2007 15 March 2012 4 years, 307 days Fifteenth Assembly (2007–12)
(2007 election)

 

History of Bahujan Samaj Party:

The party's power grew quickly with seats in the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh and the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. In 1993, following the assembly elections, Mayawati formed a coalition with Samajwadi Party president Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister.

On 2 June 1995, she withdrew support from his government, which led to a major incident where Yadav was accused of sending his goons to keep her party legislators hostage at a Lucknow guest house and shout casteist abuses at her. Since this event, they have regarded each other publicly as chief rivals.

Mayawati then obtained support from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to become Chief Minister on 3 June 1995.

In October 1995, the BJP withdrew their support and fresh elections were called after a period of President's Rule.

In 2003, Mayawati resigned from her own government to prove that she was not "hungry for power" and asked the BJP-run Government of India to remove Union Tourism and Culture Minister, Jagmohan. In 2007, she began leading a BSP-formed government with an absolute majority for a full five-year term.

 

Election Results: Lok Sabha

Lok Sabha Term Indian
General Election		 Seats
contested		 Seats
won		 State (seats)
9th Lok Sabha 1989 245 4 Punjab (1)
Uttar Pradesh (3)
10th Lok Sabha 1991 231 3 Madhya_Pradesh(1)
Punjab (1)
Uttar Pradesh (1)
11th Lok Sabha 1996 210 11 Madhya Pradesh(2)
Punjab (3)
Uttar Pradesh (6)
12th Lok Sabha 1998 251 5 Haryana (1)
Uttar Pradesh (4)
13th Lok Sabha 1999 225 14 Uttar Pradesh (14)
14th Lok Sabha 2004 435 19 Uttar Pradesh (19)
15th Lok Sabha 2009 500 21 Madhya Pradesh(1)
Uttar Pradesh (20)
16th Lok Sabha 2014 503 0 NA
17th Lok Sabha 2019 383 10 Uttar Pradesh (10)

National Political Parties: List of Parties Recognized By ECI

Posted by On Filed under Politics of India

About National Political Parties in India:

India has a multi-party system with recognition accorded to national and state and district level parties. The status is reviewed periodically by the Election Commission of India (ECI). Currently six national political parties is there.

Other political parties that wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India.

Registered parties are upgraded as recognized national or state level parties based upon objective criteria.

National Political Parties in India

A recognized party enjoys privileges like a reserved party symbol, free broadcast time on state run television and radio, a consultation in setting of election dates and giving input in setting electoral rules and regulations.

 

List of National Political Parties:

  1. Bahujan Samaj Party
  2. Bharatiya Janata Party
  3. Communist Party of India
  4. Communist Party of India (Marxist)
  5. Indian National Congress
  6. Nationalist Congress Party

 

Recently Removed:

  1. All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)
  2. National People's Party (NPP)

 

 

Key Description

1.) Bahujan Samaj Party ( बहुजन समाज पार्टी ) (BSP)

President: Mayawati

Leader: Mayawati

Headquarters: 12, Gurudwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi - 110001

Founder: Kanshi Ram

Newspaper: Mayayug, Bahujan Samaj Bulletin (Punjabi)

Abbreviation: BSP

Secretary:

  • Satish Chandra Mishra
  • R S Kushwaha
  • Munquad Ali
  • Ram Achal Rajbhar
  • Mewalal Gautam
  • R Sridhar

Lok Sabha Leader: Kunwar Danish Ali

Rajya Sabha Leader: Satish Chandra Mishra

Founded: 14 April 1984 (36 years ago)

Ideology:

  • Social equality
  • Social justice
  • Self respect

Political Position: Centre-left

ECI Status: National Party

Seats in Lok Sabha: 10 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 2 / 245

Website: www.bspindia.org

Social Network: Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn

 

2.) Bharatiya Janata Party (भारतीय जनता पार्टी) (BJP)

President: Jagat Prakash Nadda

Headquarters: 11 Ashoka Road, New Delhi - 110001

Newspaper: Kamal Sandesh

Alliance: National Democratic Alliance

Founders: Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Lal Krishna Advani, Bhairon Singh Shekhawat

Leadership: Jagat Prakash Nadda (President)

Parliamentary Chairperson: Narendra Modi (Prime Minister)

Lok Sabha Leader: Narendra Modi
(Prime Minister)

Rajya Sabha Leader: Thawar Chand Gehlot
(Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment)

Founded: 6 April 1980 (40 years ago)

Split From: Janata Party

Preceded by: Bharatiya Jana Sangh (1951–1977)
Janata Party (1977–1980)

Headquarters: 6-A, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg,
New Delhi-110002

Ideology:

  • Integral Humanism
  • Hindutva
  • Conservatism
  • Social conservatism
  • National conservatism
  • Right-wing populism
  • Hindu nationalism
  • Economic nationalism
  • Cultural nationalism

Slogan: The Party with a Difference

ECI Status: National Party Alliance , National Democratic Alliance (All India)

Official Website: www.bjp.org

Social Network: Facebook, YouTube, Twitter

 

3.) Communist Party of India (भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी) (CPI):

Abbreviation: CPI

General Secretary D. Raja

Lok Sabha :eader: K. Subbarayan

Rajya Sabha Leader Binoy Viswam

Founder:

  • S. V. Ghate
  • M. Singaravelu
  • K.N. Joglekar
  • Hasrat Mohani
  • Muzaffar Ahmed
  • Ayodhya Prasad

Founded: 26 December 1925 (94 years ago) at Cawnpore, United Province, British Raj (presently Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India)

Headquarters: Ajoy Bhavan, 15, Indrajit Gupta Marg, New Delhi, India-110002

Student Wing: All India Students Federation

Youth Wing: All India Youth Federation

Women's Wing: National Federation of Indian Women

Labour Wing:

  • All India Trade Union Congress
  • Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union

Peasant's Wing: All India Kisan Sabha

  • Ideology Communism
  • Marxism–Leninism
  • Socialism
  • Secularism

Political Position: Left-wing

International Affiliation: International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance:

  • Democratic Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)
  • Left Front, Tripura (Tripura)
  • Left Front, West Bengal (West Bengal)
  • Left Democratic Front, Kerala (Kerala)
  • Left Democratic Front, Maharashtra (Maharashtra)
  • Left Democratic Manch (Assam)
  • Punjab Democratic Alliance (Punjab)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 2 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 1 / 245

Website: www.communistparty.in

Social Networking: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

4.) Communist Party of India (Marxist) भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (मार्क्सवादी)

Abbreviation: CPI(M)

General Secretary: Sitaram Yechury

Lok Sabha Leader: A. M. Ariff

Rajya Sabha Leader: Vacant

Founders:

  • P. Sundarayya
  • E. M. S. Namboodiripad
  • Harkishan Singh Surjeet
  • A. K. Gopalan
  • Promode Dasgupta
  • B. T. Ranadive
  • M. Basavapunnaiah
  • Jyoti Basu
  • P. Ramamurthi

Founded: 7 November 1964 (55 years ago)

Split From: Communist Party of India

Headquarters: A. K. Gopalan Bhawan, 27-29, Bhai Vir Singh Marg, New Delhi-110 001

Student Wing: Students' Federation of India

Youth Wing: Democratic Youth Federation of India

Labour Wing: Centre of Indian Trade Unions

Peasant's Wing: All India Kisan Sabha

Ideology:

  • Communism
  • Marxism–Leninism
  • Anti-capitalism
  • Anti-imperialism

Political Position: Left-wing to far-left

International Affiliation: International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance:

  • Democratic Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)
  • Left Front, Tripura (Tripura)
  • Left Front, West Bengal (West Bengal)
  • Left Democratic Front, Kerala (Kerala)
  • Left Democratic Front, Maharashtra (Maharashtra)
  • Left Democratic Manch (Assam)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 3 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 5 / 245

Seats in State Legislative Assemblies: 99 / 4,119

Number of states and union territories in government:
2 / 31

Website: www.cpim.org

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

 

5.) Indian National Congress (INC) (भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस):

Abbreviation: INC

President: Sonia Gandhi (interim)

Presidium: All India Congress Committee

Parliamentary Chairperson: Sonia Gandhi

Lok Sabha Leader: Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury

Rajya Sabha Leader: Ghulam Nabi Azad (Leader of the Opposition)

Founders:

  • Allan Octavian Hume
  • William Wedderburn
  • W. C. Bonnerjee
  • Surendranath Banerjee
  • Monomohun Ghose
  • Lalmohan Ghosh
  • Badruddin Tyabji
  • M. G. Ranade
  • Dadabhai Naoroji
  • Dinshaw Wacha
  • Pherozeshah Mehta

Founded: 28 December 1885 (134 years ago)

Headquarters: 24, Akbar Road, New Delhi-110001

Newspaper: Congress Sandesh

Student Wing: National Students Union of India

Youth Wing: Indian Youth Congress

Women's Wing: All India Mahila Congress

Labor Wing: Indian National Trade Union Congress

Ideology:

  • Secularism
  • Big tent
  • Social liberalism
  • Social democracy
  • Progressivism
  • Civic nationalism

Political Position: Centre to centre-left

International affiliation:

  • Progressive Alliance
  • Socialist International

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance:

  • United Progressive Alliance (All India)
  • Democratic Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)
  • Maha Vikas Aghadi (Maharashtra)
  • Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)
  • Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)
  • United Democratic Front (Kerala)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 52 / 542

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 39 / 245 (currently 213 elected members + 12 nominated members)

Number of states and union territories in government: 6 / 31
(currently 28 states + 2 union

Website: www.inc.in

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, LinkedIn

 

6.) Nationalist Congress Party(NCP) (राष्ट्रवादी कांग्रेस पार्टी)

Abbreviation: NCP

President: Sharad Pawar

Spokesperson: Nawab Malik

Lok Sabha Leader: Supriya Sule

Rajya Sabha Leader: Sharad Pawar

Founder

  • Sharad Pawar
  • P. A. Sangma
  • Tariq Anwar

Founded: 10 June 1999 (20 years ago)

Split From: Indian National Congress

Headquarters: 10, Bishmabhar Marg, New Delhi, India-110001

Student Wing: Nationalist Student Congress

Youth Wing: Nationalist Youth Congress

Nationalist: Yuvati Congress

Women's Wing: Nationalist Mahila Congress

Ideology

  • Liberalism
  • Secularism
  • Progressivism
  • Civic nationalism
  • Social justice
  • Federalism

Political Position: Centre to centre-left

ECI Status National Party

Alliance: United Progressive Alliance

Seats in Lok Sabha: 5 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 4 / 245

Number of states and union territories in government: 3 / 31

Website: www.ncp.org.in

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

 

7.) All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) अखिल भारतीय तृणमूल कांग्रेस

Abbreviation: AITC

Chairperson: Mamata Banerjee

General Secretary: Subrata Bakshi

Parliamentary Chairperson: Sudip Bandyopadhyay

Lok Sabha Leader: Sudip Bandyopadhyay

Rajya Sabha Leader: Derek O'Brien

Founder: Mamata Banerjee

Founded: 1 January 1998 (22 years ago)

Split: from Indian National Congress

Headquarters: 30B Harish Chatterjee Street, Kolkata-700026

Newspaper: Jago Bangla (Bengali)

Student Wing: Trinamool Chhatra Parishad

Youth Wing: Trinamool Youth Congress

Women's Wing: Trinamool Mahila Congress

Labour Wing: Trinamool Trade Union Congress

Peasant's Wing: Trinamool Kisan Congress

Ideology:

  • Democratic socialism
  • Left-wing populism
  • Secularism
  • Anti-communism
  • Political position Centre-left

ECI Status: National party

Alliance

  • NDA (1999–2009)
  • UPA (2009–2012)
  • Federal Front (2019)

Seats in Lok Sabha: 22 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 13 / 245

Seats in West Bengal Legislative Assembly: 224 / 294

Number of states and union territories in government: 1 / 31

Website: www.aitcofficial.org

Social Network: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

 

 

8.) National People's Party (NPP) नेशनल पीपुल्स पार्टी (एनपीपी)

Abbreviation: NPP

President: Conrad Sangma

Lok Sabha Leader: Agatha Sangma

Founder: P. A. Sangma

Founded: 6 January 2013 (7 years ago)

Split From: Nationalist Congress Party

Headquarters: M.G. Avenue, Floor, MDU Building,Imphal, Manipur 795001

Ideology

  • Indian nationalism
  • Regionalism
  • Tribal interests

Political Position: Centre to centre-right

ECI Status: National Party

Alliance: NDA

Seats in Lok Sabha: 1 / 543

Seats in Rajya Sabha: 1 / 245

Seats in State Legislative Assembly Meghalaya Legislative Assembly: 21 / 60

Social Networking: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube